Captain Charles Hazlitt Upham (VC & Bar), 20th battalion 2nd NZ expeditionary force. By the end of July there were a few Free French officers, and 228 British officers, with a contingent consisting of Canadians, Australians, New Zealanders, South Africans, Irish, and one Indian. SHAEF reports of February 1945 show 224 French and 172 Greek POWs held here, although we have seen letters from Polish Officers also kept here earlier in the war. November 21st brought hundreds of wounded prisoners from the field hospitals. The next day, 28 April, the column finally arrived at Lubeck on the Baltic coast. Oflag XIII-A was opened in August 1940 to accommodate mainly French officers captured during the Battle of France. Other mainly administrative and policy files on merchant navy POWs are dispersed among FO 916, MT 9 (code 106), FO 371, WO 32 (code 91A). They were escorted to the main gate by another prisoner, John Milner, dressed in a German officers uniform that had been found in an apparently forgotten set of attic rooms. More prisoners arrived in July 1944 transferred from Oflag VIII-F. On 24 August 1944 the camp was strafed by American and British aircraft. Stutthof KZ had up to 110,000 inmates, and more than 85,000 were systematically killed there. Andrew V. McLaglen Searches are only made in response to written enquiries, and an hourly fee is usually charged. Interesting new book looking at the history of Colditz when it was home to various different POW's during WW2 and the characters involved some well known others not so. Some accounts state this was formerly Oflag IIIc -however O3c was some distance away in Lubben south of Berlin, so this seems unlikely. | Stalag II-D Stargard Pomerania, Prussia Location N/E 53-15. 148 Pol diPastrengo (Bussolengo Near Verona). The purpose of this is as follows: These can contain names and addresses of helpers, nature of help given, and relevant dates. It was later used by Germans (SS) as a main transit camp (Durchgangslager) for deportation to Germany of Jews and political opponents. The camp was opened on 6 June 1944, and by July held 230 prisoners, all RAF flying crews. Whilst these magazines make a nave but charming read and often gave some useful information on what to put into a prisoner's parcel and various other questions of concern to the POWs' families, they did not portray an accurate reflection of camp life in almost all circumstances. The first British and Commonwealth prisoners arrived in July 1941 from a transit camp in Thessaloniki, Greece, having been captured during the battles of Greece and Crete. Macintyre has done it again. The 7 forts above which comprised Stalag 312 were also administered by Stalag 20A. Once their work was complete the Poles were relocated, and the first inhabitants of the camp were Dutch and Belgian. Stars: It operated from 1st February 1942 to 1st September 1944 . 126 POWs held here as of 26th February1943, originally opened July 1942. Mervyn Johns, See titles to watch instantly, titles you haven't rated, etc. Researchers should note that these reports mostly relate to the European, Mediterranean or North Africa theatres of war. Many prisoners died, mainly Soviets, as their living conditions and rations were substantially inferior to the other prisoners. He relates stories of British, Polish, and French prisoners, and . | It opened in the spring or early summer of 1941, operating until the end of the war. Stalag 366 also had a branch in White Podlaska, which until late 1942/43 was an independent Dulag. In November 1943 there was another reorganization, Lamsdorf was renamed "Stalag 344", and a large number of prisoners were transferred to Teschen, which became Stalag VIII-B. In April 1942 the last group of Polish officers arrived from Oflag X-C near Lbeck. A new camp for officers, Oflag II-E was created close by and Polish warrant officers and ensigns were transferred to it. 11, Hospital #12-Gombos Gyul, Budapest, Hungary 47-19, Salonika Civilian Internment Camp Salonika Greece 40-23, San Martino Civilian Internment Camp Monferrato Italy 45-08, Schuler Military Hospital, Ploesti (Ploesci) Romania 45-26, Serbian Hospital Zagreb Croatia, Yugoslavia 45-16, Sinaia Military Hospital #415, Sinaia, Romania 45-25, Skoplue Military Hospital Serbia Southern Yugoslavia 42-21, Sofia Military Hospital Sofia Bulgaria 42-23, Sospel Civilian Internment Camp Monaco France 44-07, Spitalul de Stat, Targoviste, Romania 45-25, St. Denis (Grand Caserine) Civilian Internment Camp Paris France 49-02, Stadtroda Hospital #1170 (Serves Stalag IX-C) Stadtroda Thuringia, Germany 51-11, State Hospital Trencin Czechoslovakia 49-18, Sub-Lagarule Timis, Timisul de Jos, Romania 45-21, Targu-Jiu POW Camp, Targu-Jiu, Romania 45-23, Teil Lazarett (Serves Stalag XVIII-A) Spittal/Drau Carinthia, Austria 46-13, Transit Camp 133 Unknown (probably located in Rennes, France as Lazarett 133), Transit Camp and Hospital (Dulag 127) Zemun Slavonia 45-20, Transit Camp Feld Post #319797 Location Unknown, Val De Grace Hospital For Civilians Paris France 49-02, Vaucluse Restricted Residence For Civilians Vaucluse France 44-05, Venlo Restricted Residence For Civilians Venloo Holland 51-06, Vernet Civilian Internment Camp Ariege France 43-01, Vincenzo Civilian Internment Camp Vincenzo Italy 45-11, Von Kormend Civilian Hospital Szombathely, Hungary 47-16, Wartenburg Prison Wartenburg East Prussia 53-20, The International Committee of the Red Cross, The Red Cross together with the order of St John joined forces during WWII just as they had in WWI to carry out extensive humane services for the sick and wounded, for POWs and civilians alike. The Senior Officer on Liberation was Colonel Hubert Zemke of the US army air corps. Originally a Hitler Youth camp, in October 1939 it was modified to house about 15,000 Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. Britains Imperial War Museum notes that Of the 170,000 British and Commonwealth prisoners of war in Germany in the Second World War, fewer than 1,200 of them managed to escape successfully and make a home run. On 8 February they reached Stalag III-A located about 52 km (32 mi) south of Berlin near Luckenwalde, which already held 20,000 prisoners, consisting mainly of soldiers from Britain, Canada, the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. A SHAEF report dated 10 February confirms this move and reported the POWs already west of the Oder (river). Another tunnel built by Norwegian prisoners was discovered before its completion. Damian Lewis, Drama, War. Opened June 1941, 186 other ranks were held here on 26/2/43. Due to various adverse factors, there were few successful escapes in the South East Asia theatre of war. The camp was built in September 1939 to house Polish prisoners from the German September 1939 offensive. The prison camp had been constructed on the site of a former German military camp that had once billeted German cavalry troops and their horses. Guy Hamilton Adventure, Drama, War. Digital files of films and sound recordings are available at cost depending on intended use. Personal use for non-commercial research and private study and other uses under the UKs exceptions to copyright and those exceptions to copyright in place where the user is located. Rogue Heroes: The History of the SAS, Britain's Secret Special Forces Unit That Sabotaged the Nazis and Changed the Nature of War. The camp housed Polish officers and orderlies and had an area of 25 hectares (62 acres) with 25 brick huts for prisoners and another six for kitchens, class-rooms, theatre, and administration. About 200 escaped from the marching column and returned to the camp. The camp was built in late 1939 by Polish prisoners of war. The British people were now resigned to the fact that Hitler had to be stopped by force. Tins of coffee, which was hard to come by in Germany late in the war, served this same purpose in many camps. The German lists are described as being corrected generally up to 30 March 1945. About 5% of the Soviet prisoners who died . This last march lasted approximately three weeks; but was just as harsh as the previous march except for the treatment by the Germans, which was somewhat better, perhaps because the guards knew the war was lost and their own very futures would depend on how they had treated those in their care. Under normal conditions the camps had a capacity of 5,300. 3,788 POWs recorded here on 26th February 1943, originally opened July 1942. | There was a separate shower block, and prisoners were allowed two showers a month. Importantly for other internees in the camp, among the 68 Dutch was Hans Larive with his knowledge of the Singen route. We still hold two meetings a year at the Union Jack Club London. As with all POWs, escape was always in mind. District X Nearest city Hanover, in the middle north of Germany. District V In the Far south-west of German, the nearest large city being Posen. In November 1941 a typhoid fever epidemic broke out in Lager-Ost. The National Archives holds over 100 files concerning the murder of 50 Allied airmen who escaped from Stalag Luft III in March 1944: an incident known as 'The Great Escape' which make fascinating reading. The barracks were enclosed by a barbed-wire fence and watchtowers to form a camp approximately 440 by 530 metres, and was opened in June 1940 to house officers, mostly French, captured in the Battle of France, as well as several hundred Poles. | The Czech people in the villages and towns, through which they passed, passed food and clothing to them. On 17 April 1945, the camp was evacuated in the face of the approaching Red Army. 117 min Anyone who was injured in work, or became ill, was returned to the Lazarett (Hospital) at the main camp or a nearby Military/civilian hospital. William Holden, It was located around the village of Westertimke, about 30 km (19 mi) north-east of Bremen, though in some sources the camp's location is given as Tarmstedt, a larger village about 4 km (2.5 mi) to the west. 116 min Stalag XX-A Thorn (British) Poland Location N/E 53-18. In 1941 a separate compound was created to house Soviet prisoners. It is subdivided by nationality as Belgium, Chinese, Czech, Denmark, France, Holland, Italy, Poland and Greece. In the camp there were eight medical officers, the seriously ill were treated in the prison hospital in Stargard. Originally most soldiers and officers had been released after the end of the Norwegian campaign, but as resistance activities increased, the officers were rearrested and sent to POW camps. Meanwhile, the column slowly headed east, finally crossing the River Elbe, north of Hamburg, on 18 April. By the spring of 1942 an estimated 18,000 had died of hunger and disease, mainly typhus fever. | The camp was roughly square, about 300 m (980 ft) to each side. Stars: We offer the services of a professionally accredited researcher who visits the archives daily, should you wish to seek this assistance. Nearly 50,000 died there of hunger, disease, or were just simply murdered. They reached Stalag 357 (Stalag XI-B), near Fallingbostel around April 3, 1945. Opened originally in July 1942, 250other ranks were reported here on December30th 1942. Four were recaptured. Other camps found as listed but without designations (mostly civilian): Ellera Corciano, Castiglione della Valle/Castel Serena & Pietraffita Tavernelle. The perimeter of the each compound was secured by a double barbed-wire fence, fifteen feet in height, on top of which ran a high-voltage wire. Adjacent to Klitshcmar railway station 271 British POWs held. 101 min Colditz Castle, in eastern Germany, was built high on the slope of a hill and the Germans believed it was escape-proof.Throughout the war, they sent their most difficult POWs there. 26047 Soviets, 5411 Belgian, 4836 Polish, 731 Italians, 15794 French were held here including 163 officers according to reports given to SHAEF in February 1945. It was relatively easy to escape from a farm, but much more difficult to evade recapture. Colditz was meant to be completely safe, impregnable and impossible to escape from. 1 Wooden hut at Lobau with 200 British POWs. There were constant, and very creative, escape attempts utilizing tunnels, disguises, forged papers and even hiding in a mattress. | As with a lot of German POW camps originally this was a much smaller camp based at the ex Hitler Youth hostel set up in the castle and transformed between an officers camp only then into a stalag with all the satellite work camps I have listed here. The construction of the second camp, Lager-Ost ("East Compound") began in June 1941 to accommodate the large numbers of Soviet prisoners taken in Operation Barbarossa. | Stalag Luft I Barth-Vogelsang Prussia Location N/E 54-12. Entdecke Colditz: Prisoners of the Castle by Ben Macintyre Compact Disc Book in groer Auswahl Vergleichen Angebote und Preise Online kaufen bei eBay Kostenlose Lieferung fr viele Artikel! In June 1941 a new compound Oflag 62 was opened for high-ranking Soviet officers captured during Operation Barbarossa. The rescue was organised by the island's priest, Don Ottavio Posta. The guards were mainly Austrian army veterans and conditions in the camp were better than in many other POW camps in Germany. When a prison guard pointed a pistol at his head and threatened to shoot, Upham calmly ignored him and lit a cigarette. 4,000 lower-ranked British, South African and Ghurka prisoners, mostly from the surrender of Tobruk, were held in two compounds of tents, with very poor conditions and food shortages. From May/June 1940 Dutch and Belgian prisoners arrived from the Battle of France, followed by French. Lager Helgoland was filled with Soviet Organisation Todt workers. The roll for Changi is fuller and is in AIR 40/1899-1906. The sources: Records held at the National Archives under reference WO392/1-26 and Air40/1488-90 amongst many others. 12 Candeli / Vincigliata near Florence. | Gross: An administration block including a hospital was erected in the latter part of 1940, mainly by prisoner labour. The Fund's operations include assistance to widows and orphans of fallen colleagues in the country, the fees for the lawyers defending prisoners before German courts, the payment of salaries of the cadets and soldiers, as well as cultural and educational activities. Reports from SHAEF in 1945 show although the camps had a designated holding capacity of 5000 it actually (had) held: 1090 British, 23 US, 11135 Soviets, 7 Poles, 2211 Yugoslavs, 19 Dutch, 257 Italians, 13987 French. Anthony Steel, After the war it was used for interned prisoners of the defeated regime. Only Dutch officers and a few Soviet officers remained. PoWs held here previously however. I have attempted to include every camp, however, some have very few details even then if you notice anything missing please dont hesitate to contact us, its worth noting that many camps could/were known by location and locations were often misheard and then mistranscribed due to the language barrier in many instances. In May-June 1941 Yugoslavian, predominantly Serbian prisoners arrived from the Balkans Campaign, and soon after in June-July 1941 Australian and other British Commonwealth soldiers arrived, captured during the Battle of Crete. To the north and east of the village three smaller camps were also built. McIntyre does an excellent job of drawing each character out (on both the Allied and the Nazi side). Set up by the Italians in May 1942 and ran until September 8th 1943. The camp opened in May 1941 as Oflag 68, but was renamed Stalag I-F in June 1942. Moved from Spittal to Wagna in 1942. Moved to Hotel Golden Lion - an annex of the Leipzig Warren lazaretto in February 1944. The Poles were transferred to other camps, and in March 1941 it was redesignated Stalag XVIII-A, with French and Belgian prisoners being transferred in from Stalag XVII-A. Located near the town of Bergen in Lower Saxony. In April 1944, most of the prisoners were transferred to Oflag 79 near Braunschweig and the camp was closed. For this item, that is: If you would like to use IWM collections materials in a way that is not covered above, require a commercial licence, high-resolution copies, or have manipulation requests, please contact theMedia Sales & Licensing Team. The prisoners lived outdoors in dugouts until 1943 when 43 barrack huts were built, though due to overcrowding, many were still forced to live underground. The number of inmates reached its peak of 5,944 officers and 796 orderlies. Oflag 79 Braunschweig (Formerly VIII-F) Brunswick 52-10. PG 103 had 19 sub camps dotted around the neighbourhood at factories and farms. This was recorded in shorthand in a notebook labelled "Shorthand Reading Exercises. They were flown back to Paris on May 12, many of them free for the first time in five years. They passed through the gate, and then, wearing faked Luftwaffe uniforms, headed to an airfield near Kassel intending to steal a Ju 52, which Newborn had flown before the war, and fly home. Most of the men were moved by train to Stalag XX-A in West Prussia, but some 900 were taken to the port of Memel, where they were put aboard the merchant ship Insterburg for a 60-hour journey to Swinemnde. This is an amazing book full of incredible true stories of escape, or many attempted escapes of prisoners of war from the notorious castle prison of Colditz. Originally opened in May1941 the camp reported having 144officers and 1,785 other ranks on 26th February 1943. His escape from Colditz took place on 9 September 1942. Every so many yards along the fence was a guard tower, fully armed and manned. The main camps were all designated PG prigionieri di Guerra, although they were also abbreviated 'CC' meaning Campo diconcentramento. Stalag IV-H Zeithain (also known as Jacobstahl), Stalag Luft V, Wolfen, Groditz, Halle (Saale), Stalag Va Ludwigsburg, Germany (Baden-Wrttemberg), Stalag V-A Malschbach Ludwigsburg Wurtemberg Location N/E 49-09. To make room for them many of the Poles were forced to give up their status as POWs and become civilian slave labourers. In 1942 the first Soviet prisoners arrived at the camp, and in 1943 after the armistice, Italian prisoners arrived. 117 min Prisoners were separated by nationality, and were intentionally kept from communicating with any other nations POWs this was common in most POW camps however. These contained inks, clothing dyes, German currency, maps, compasses and other useful items and could be hidden in almost anything from replacement uniform to sports equipment and books. The camp housed around 2,500 British and 900 other commonwealth and allied nations' POWs and 7,500 USAAF in huts (10 x 12 metres) for 15 men with 3 tier bunks. 201 Bergamo hospital (also listed as H 201). Jack Hedley, Tous Public Originally opened in September1942the camp reported having 81other ranks on 26th February 1943. Kriegslazarett Kriegslazarett-Abteilung 604 - Military Hospital in the, (3.10.1944) Stalag 304 Zeithain (Soviet POWS), British & Imperial Prisoners of War held in Germany WWII. In June 1943 it was renamed Stalag Luft VI and used to hold British and Canadian Air Force NCOs, and from February 1944, also Americans. Closed in March 1942, opened in June the preceding year. Enlarge This also divided into two separate compounds for officers and men. 52 degrees 32 minutes North, 11 degrees 52 minutes south map reference Z950510. The Germans found spoil from the tunnel and searched the camp, but failed to find it. It would appear that the records are incomplete as the number sequence of the first file - WO 208/5451 - starts at 238. (Prison). German camps were arranged by district and then often had many sub-camps, these could be a small barracks attached to a factory or even just a barn on a farm, these could be up to 100 miles from the main camp, this combined with the fact that camps were sometimes moved or renamed means that researchers should take great care in identifying camps by both designation number and location to ensure they locate the correct camp. Some British and Italian prisoners were also there. The forts had been built at the end of 19th century to defend the western border of Kingdom of Prussia. | Val Guest There were 4 sub camps located in the vicinity also. Work began in December 1942, but the rocky ground made digging difficult. District XV Nearest city Strasbourg, now in France. As with Neave and Fowler, for his escapes and actions while in activity he was awarded gallantry medals. Dulag Luft or Durchgangslager der Luftwaffe (transit camp of the Luftwaffe) These were transit camps for Airforce POWs. 94 min (short for 'Geheime Staats Polizei': secret state police). Lazarettnormally a Kreigslazzarett or field hospital, (literally war hospital). Neave went on to work as an intelligence agent for MI9 and served with the International Military Tribunal at the Nuremberg trials in 1946. In fact the prisoners had been in control of the camp since the 8th, the day of the German surrender. 106 US POWs here on the road to Falkenburg. This grim and claustrophobic drama chronicles the lives of the prisoners in Colditz Castle from the arrival of the first British prisoners after Dunkirk until the liberation of the castle by the Americans in 1945. Allied prisoners - British, Dutch, French and Polish - pool their resources to plan numerous escapes from the "escape-proof" German P.O.W. | Gross: On Christmas Eve 1942 a number of officers arranged a fight outside one of the huts. Italy also had civilian internment camps although certain POW camps had some civilian prisoners also. It was located south of the railway tracks. They only remained there for a brief time before being replaced by 43,000 French POWs, who arrived in mid-1940, and remained the largest group of prisoners until the end of the war. They were soon joined by a handful of British Army officers and later by Belgian officers. Only two of the escapees managed to return to France. A contagious disease ward type hospital named Leipzig Wahren Lazarett belonging to this camp was situated close to the local gas works and railway station & consisted of 2 long stone buildings. | Jean Negulesco It was a fairly small camp with around 500 POWs, mostly Anzacs. For four years during WWII, Colditz Castle in Germany was a prison for Allied officers (and some lower ranking prisoners who served as their orderlies). The oldest British prisoner. Grumello del Piano/del silenzio /Grumillina. The march lasted until February 25th and ended up in the town of Waren where they were liberated by the Soviet Army soon after. Most of these Italian prisoners were suffering from tuberculosis or had been injured while working. The red brick stables were converted to barracks to house prisoners when the site was converted to a POW camp in October 1939. Finally, in January 1942, Stutthof became a regular concentration camp. The remaining prisoners responded to the threat of a pitched battle on their doorstep by digging slit trenches. In March, 1200 French prisoners were brought to Colditz Castle, with 600 more being imprisoned in the town below. O. Henry's Short Stories", which after the war was donated to the archives of the Historical Section of the Canadian Army HQ. There were also seven Dutch and 27 Polish generals, with orderlies. Their repeated, elaborate, and sometimes bizarre attempts at escape are a nice change from the stories of Grunts on the front lines. (Much of the information from the Wo229 SHAEF reports was directly from the Swiss Red Cross representatives who had visited the camps and work commandos themselves). The camp was divided into three sections when liberated. Stalag Luft III Sagan-Silesia Bavaria (Moved to Nuremberg-Langwasser) Location N/E 49-11. They were subsequently transferred to PG78 just outside Sulmona and thence to camps in Germany where they remained until the end of the war. , originally opened in May 1942 and ran until September 8th 1943, impregnable and impossible to escape a. 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