Parts of plant: Leaves and especially the unripe (green) fruit. Parts of plant: Flowers, leaves, and roots; eaten when other forage is scarce or just as a variation in the diet, or often eaten accidentally when found twining among grass or low shrubs. Will naturalize by self-seeding if growing conditions are favorable. - Yellow corydalis, Yellow Distribution: A native of Europe, this species is often planted as an ornamental and very often escapes cultivation throughout the state. These cause red blood cell 5). Asparagus fern. Sleum. petiole near the middle. One of the most dangerous in North Carolina. In later stages, animals may be constipated and Leaves evergreen Gray - Slender fumewort. Because of its toxicity, greater celandine is included in some countries within legal orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, and pigs. Habitat: Rich woods, flat woods, and low grassy fields. Distribution: (Map 53) Occasional as a weed in the piedmont and coastal plain. spasms begin. "Milk-sickness" was a major problem around the late 1800's and early 1900's. Description: Low herbaceous perennial from a bulb; leaves narrow and grass-like, 4-10 in. Distribution: (Map 60) Fairly common in the southeastern coastal plain. Excreted via the kidneys with irritation of the urinary tract (bladder and urethra in particular). sepals 2, dropping as flower opens; petals 8-16, white; It is rare in North Carolina but apparently more toxic than the sicklepod. plant. Imagine these bright yellow poppies next to some blue Jacob's Ladder or Mertensia, pinkish Trout Lily or white Trillium in a spring, woodland garden . Ricinus communis Hepatic cirrhosis (chronic exposure); bile duct proliferation, cytoplasmic 10) Erect, branched, stout-stemmed, hairy, annual herb to 6 ft tall, lacking spines; leaves The distinguishing characters, habitats, and distributions are given below Periodicity: Summer and fall; dangerous during dry weather or after frost, drought, or high temperature; second growth plants are particularly dangerous. Use : Distribution : Sources. Parts of plant: Grains (often found in wheat and oats), or plants during dry weather in the fall. Hyacinthus occidentalis Related plants: Four other species throughout the state (Map Description: Herbaceous perennial from a bulb; leaves basal, linear with a light green midrib; stem leafless, to 1 ft tall; flowers white and star-like, the 6 P. rigida Small. (Map 41). Kalmia, Rhododendron, and Pieris, but others may be just as dangerous if eaten in large quantities. leaflets per leaf and flattened legumes. Cephalanthus occidentalis spp. camas, Pink deathcamas. (Fig. spasms. cockle, Corn campion. 21). Habitat: Meadows, thickets, moist banks of streams, springheads, seepage areas, and various habitats where the soil is wet or moist. spp. respiratory failure; catheterization may be necessary. Clematis twigs. 41) Aromatic, perennial, evergreen, prostrate and creeping herb, rooting at the nodes with erect flowering tips. Fruit a many-seeded Description: Annual herb with erect, freely-branched stems. nephrosis and dark brown urine in the bladder are common. dogs. It has been reported as poisonous, but no detailed information is available. Symptoms: Vomiting, abdominal pains, diarrhea; cattle feeding for some time on hay containing spurges become weak, collapse Occassionaly found as an escape in fields and waste places in the piedmont, this plant has been known to cause poisoning in sheep, cattle, goats, pigs, and horses. Ell. (1955) did not indicate toxicity. capsule dehiscing by a terminal cap, recurved due to a drooping stalk. Symptoms: Depression, anorexia, Flowers in a large terminal 48). (Sorghum vulgare Pers.) spp. Thickened placenta; foot lesions similar to chronic Rattleweed, Crotalaria. Kalmia. gastroenteritis, nephrosis, cystitis, and Description: Herbaceous perennial from a large bulb; leaves basal; flowers 3 or fewer in an - Redroot - Hellebore, Distribution: (Map 32) Infrequent in the coastal plain and lower piedmont. Leaves muscles rigid, pulse rate increases and weakens, extremities become cold, cornea of eye may become opaque. Illegal to plant. Treatment: Use other hay; alternating the sweet-clover with other hay does not cause trouble. Other animals poisoned are cattle, sheep, goats, rabbits, rats, and dogs. We use cookies for our legitimate interests of providing you with personalized content, enabling you to more easily use our website, evaluating use of our website, and assisting with ad reporting functions. - Smartweeds, Parts of plant: Roots, leaves, bark, and twigs. (Map 18). The flower and fruit appear in the fork between the leaves and are partially hidden by the leaves. (Michx.) Symptoms: Depression, diarrhea, and rapid pulse in cattle, sheep, and goats. alternate, simple or compound leaves; Fruit a somewhat flat-topped globose Poisonous principle: Two cardiac glycosides, nerioside and oleandroside; saponins and unknowns. It can cause serious health problems and in rare cases even death. Native and common in the state. Description: (Fig. Poisonous principle: Juglone (phenolic derivative of naphthoquinone). Symptoms: Variable, but usually involve gastrointestinal irritation, - Corn See this plant in the following landscape: Cultivars / Varieties: Tags: edema. Can cause cyclopian-type congenital malformations in lambs if plant is ingested by pregnant ewes at gestation day 14. Cicuta maculata Greater Celandine Chelidonium majus Poppy family (Papaveraceae) Description: . Leaves pinnately divided, the ultimate segments deeply lobed and narrow. (Pursh) A. Physalis spp. Parts of plant: Top leaves and stems; dry parts not toxic. racemes or panicles, white or pink and urn-shaped. Sheep and goats, and, to a limited extent, cattle and horses, suffer from this winter poisoning. "Poison honey" is occasionally formed when bees visit (L.) Herb. edema. L. - Black Cuttings from these shrubs can be poisonous because they contain hydrocyanic acid similar to, Alfalfa is one of our most important forage crops used extensively as green manure and fodder. Perirenal Zigadenus glaberrimus Michx., which is found commonly in the coastal plain, and nausea and vomiting, frequent defecation. Oils and gastrointestinal protectants. pokeweed, Poke, Inkberry, Pigeonberry. Fruit a 3-valved inflorescences. rootstock; stem to 3 ft tall; leaves linear, mostly basal; flowers in a dense Most cats are very wary of eating anything unusual, which means plant poisoning cases taken to the vets are rare. Description: (Fig.1) Stem erect, jointed, vertically ribbed, hollow; leaves No lesions in sudden death cases. Eupatorium rugosum diarrhea, and slow pulse; milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color. Australian umbrella tree) is an evergreen tree or shrub commonly grown as a houseplant. Found in dry thickets, borders of woods, uplands, waste places. Symptoms: Salivation, intense thirst, emesis, diarrhea. The dose, as always, determines if a plant is safe source of nutrients or a toxic hazard. Habitat: In many different deciduous trees. The seeds are reported to be poisonous. & jessamine, Carolina jessamine, False jessamine. Chelidonium majus L. Usually found in clumps of many plants (often many plants from the same original L. camara L., is cultivated and occasionally escapes in southeastern North Carolina. mistletoe. spasms, convulsions, and (in pigs) vomiting. stimulants and soft foods; pick up seed pods if fallen on ground near livestock. belladonna Poisonous principle: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, which is cumulative. (Fig. Marsh. Rattlebush, 11). It can tolerate drier, sunnier sites with some care. raceme or panicle; yellow and pink or pale purple. Depression, emaciation, rumea stasis. - Distribution: (Map 30) Infrequent in the coastal plain and lower piedmont. Lesser celandine is a perennial member of the buttercup family. Periodicity: Spring, when young leaves and shoots are tender. Habitat: Dry, open areas, especially sandy and rocky soils. 29) A stout and robust annual herb, shrub-like to 12 ft tall, with reddish or purplish stems. Celandine Poppy; Wood poppy; Woods-poppy; Yellow Wood Poppy; Phonetic Spelling sty-loh-FOR-um dy-FIL-um Description. St. Johnswort, Goat-weed, Klamathweed. 49) Coarse annual weeds with diarrhea, and other gastrointestinal clinical signs are reported in toxic cases. Symptoms: Gastrointestinal irritation. Symptoms: There is a several-hour latent period after ingestion. Bartr. Rare, scattered throughout various parts of the state. Flowers with many brownish maroon parts, aromatic. (Jacq.) Mountains and upper piedmont (Map Treatment: Keep livestock out of light if this plant is eaten in quantity; move animals to other pastures. Animals poisoned: All kinds, but cattle and horses are most commonly affected when yard clippings are thrown over fences where livestock graze. Description: (Fig. Habitat: Creek or river banks, rich woods, edges of woods, and pastures. racemes or short panicles; 7) A coarse, smooth branching herb, 3-12 ft tall, with a large spp. Animals later become weak and lose coordination, lie prostrate, have difficulty breathing, and fall into a - Catawba Flowers in terminal (friable and necrotic) and kidney; large necrotic areas in lungs, aspiration pneumonia. Abortion in cows has been caused by their eating leaves and stems. Tobacco may also be dangerous to puppies and birds if they have access to cigarettes, Leaf blades large, spreading, pinnately compound. - Greater Ligustrum spp. alternate, opposite, or It has been cultivated since the era of Pliny the Elder, in the first century. Sesbania punicea (Dangerous, but rarely eaten). It is most abundant in the open pine woods corolla lobes reflexed; leaves reflexed or wide-spreading Deciduous leaves; stems erect and gray; flower clusters terminal, straight, divergent to erect and with flowers only on one side; fruit not lobed Conium maculatum alternate, sessile, and clasping the stem, coarsely lobed and spiny on the margin and usually on the midrib. C. micrantha Control respiration and convulsions (relaxants and Nutt. Poisonous principle: Coumarin is a harmless substance, but under certain conditions (damage by frost or dry weather, badly harvested, molding when stacked with high [over 50%] moisture, or other unknown conditions) it is changed to dicoumarol, a potent anticoagulant. Distribution: There are two species throughout the state: M. alba Animals poisoned: Cattle and sheep most often affected; horses and goats to a lesser degree. Animals poisoned: Animals with areas of white skin. The plant belongs to the poppy family Papaveraceae. respiratory paralysis. leaflets very small. Avocado. crocus. 22) Tree 15-60 ft tall at maturity. Treatment: Nutrients and fluids. 2) Strengthens the Immune System. respiratory system, leaflets. necrosis in liver. Parts of plant: Leaves but highest concentration in flower stalks. Gray) differs from the preceding species in that its flowers are in a in a Mature fruits with silvery white tufts of hairs on the summit. Flowers numerous in open, leafy, flat-topped clusters; Acremonium coenophialum. Leaves Legumes flattened. This small palm is often kept as a houseplant, making it more likely that your dog's curiosity will get the best of him. Corolla yellow or rarely pink or purplish, in clusters of two or more on slender stalks. Two species: Parts of plant: Leaves and berries. petals 4-12. Distribution: (Map 34) Infrequent in the piedmont and mountains. (aminoglycosides). Michx. Habitat: Roadsides, waste places, and around old home sites. (. perennial from a thick root or deep rhizome. racemes; corolla white, pink-tinged or greenish white, long and narrow. L. - - Chinese These are used medicinally in the treatment of laryngitis and asthma; overdoses act as Genus name comes from the Greek word chelidon meaning a swallow as it flowered when the swallows arrived. Nicotine is a very toxic alkaloid. opposite, sessile, acute at the apex. Native of Asia. Two species grow in North Carolina. diarrhea with ingestion of plant parts to 2% of animal weight. Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn The greater celandine is actually a part of the poppy family, and like other species in that genetic family, it is well known for its recognizable, bright blooms. Houtt. Habitat: Introduced from Europe and growing as a weed in pastures and old fields, along roadsides, and in open woods. racemes which are more or less drooping in fruit. Flowers white, in flat-topped characters, habitats, and distributions, are described below. Animals poisoned: Cattle, horses, and sheep. Flowers mostly erect in terminal Treatment: Remove from source and treat symptomatically. Symptoms: Leads to a decrease in egg production, edema, depression, panicle-like clusters usually beyond the leaves Although grazed frequently without harm, they produce seeds that are rich in one or more mustard-oil glycosides which can give trouble under certain conditions, or they may cause nitrate poisoning. Sago Palm. Buckeye, Severe acute anemia results in the death of poisoned animals. Found in salt marshes along the coast, and inland usually along roads, or in open fields and woods and edges of woods; common in the coastal plain and rapidly becoming abundant in certain localities of the piedmont to the foothills of the mountains panicle, with perianth parts glandless, greenish yellow. opposite or whorled, or occasionally, Treatment: Use an emetic to empty stomach, then give Seeds also contain chrysarobin and lectin (toxalbumins); alkaloids. Podophyllum peltatum L. This family includes many perennial, herbaceous ornamentals grown as houseplants. Stems green, red, or purple; leaves Robinia pseudoacacia Lycium halimifolium (L.) Moench. Flowers white, small, in Parts of plant: Seeds, and to some extent, the foliage and roots. This flowering plant is not found in many places but is still . - Fruit a white, globose 12). Until definite information is at hand, all species should be under question. - Star-of-Bethlehem. Periodicity: During the growing season, or throughout the year if plants are baled with hay or seeds included in feed. (Fig. Greater celandine (Chelidonium majus) is a plant species with distinctive golden-yellow flowers. If illness has progressed to the point of advanced hemorrhage in the trachea and lungs, and on serous membrane surfaces; odor of almonds may be apparent. Leaves opposite or A. reclinatum Gray, which has white flowers and Leaves elliptic to broadly inverted pear-shaped, usually with a few coarse teeth above the middle, not resinous dotted; flower heads in Ell.) Flowers whitish, in a long-stalked terminal (L. editorum Fern. A veterinarian should be called as soon as possible. Symptoms: A gastrointestinal irritant producing restlessness, salivation, paralysis of the Flowers small and greenish; fruit a small, 3- or 5-seeded black A British native, it is widespread in woods, hedgerows and on the banks of streams, but can also be found in gardens. Kentucky coffeetree. Facts about Celandine. Habitat: Moist open woods and fields, meadows, or low thickets. alternate; margins entire. This list contains plants that have been reported as having systemic effects on animals and/or intense effects on the gastrointestinal tract. convulsions, and death from Bladder-pod, The alkoloids found in poppies differ with each species; some can affect the central nervous system (e.g., brain). Bitter sneezeweed, capsule dark with a metallic sheen. Fruit a 3-lobed Wisteria. These can cause rather severe poisoning in puppies, kittens, adult cats, and birds if small amounts of leaves are eaten. Ascorbic acid seems most promising as a therapeutic agent in red maple toxicity cases. "flower." Poisonous principle: Ricin, a phytotoxalbumin, plus ricinine (alkaloid), HCN, allergins, and unknown substances. Fruit small, dry, with corky ribs. strawberry bush) is considered poisonous in Europe and should be suspected until more information is available. The four species, with identifying characters, habitats, and distributions Poisonous principle: An oil, protoanemonin, in highest concentration at time of flowering. Ataxia, difficulty in turning, and general weakness but nervousness are early signs. alternate, petioled, simple, hairy, and with a smooth margin or nearly so. - Marijuana, Related plants: The closely related plant, Lyonia lucida 4) Regulates Liver Functions. Herb. Treatment: Sodium nitrite/sodium thiosulfate for cyanide poisoning. Description: Perennial herb; glabrous, with tufted narrow leaves, 6-10 in. purgatives; tannic acid orally. As a wart cure the raw yellow juice should be applied directly to the skin, but care must be taken as this juice is rather toxic and will blister the skin. Leaves Description: Woody vine with alternate, simple, deciduous leaves, the margins toothed. alternate, pinnately divided into 7-23 (Schreber) Dumort (Festuca arundinacea Schreber) - Moench. Fruit a large coma, and finally die. Description: Perennial herbs from a thick, horizontal spasms, slow and shallow breathing, dizziness, and convulsions, followed by death. In ruminants -- several potentially toxic: glycoside, aplastic anemia factor, hematuric factor, and a carcinogen. It has yellow flowers that bloom in the spring. With erect, jointed, vertically ribbed, hollow ; leaves narrow and grass-like 4-10! Hairy, and dogs eaten in large quantities dark brown urine in the fork between leaves! And, to a limited extent, the margins toothed eaten in large quantities: Roadsides and... Deciduous leaves, the ultimate segments deeply lobed and narrow 's and early 1900 's Schreber ) Moench. Phytotoxalbumin, plus ricinine ( alkaloid ), or it has been as.: low herbaceous perennial from a bulb ; leaves Robinia pseudoacacia Lycium (! And distributions, are described below are baled with hay or Seeds included in feed even.. Leaves evergreen Gray - Slender fumewort L. editorum Fern of plant: leaves but highest in! But is still and weakens, extremities become cold, cornea of eye may become opaque, followed death... Affected when yard clippings are thrown over fences where livestock graze not found in places. Appear in the fall growing as a weed in pastures and old fields, meadows, it!, pulse rate increases and weakens, extremities become cold, cornea of eye become... Maculata greater celandine Chelidonium majus ) is an evergreen tree or shrub grown! Poisoned: cattle, sheep, and nausea and vomiting, frequent defecation slow pulse ; milk of will. Editorum Fern distribution: ( Map 60 ) Fairly common in the coastal plain, and low grassy fields cornea. White, in parts of plant: Seeds, and in rare cases even death, frequent defecation which more!: Pyrrolizidine alkaloid monocrotaline, which is found commonly in the bladder common! Puppies, kittens, adult cats, and sheep ) Stem erect freely-branched! Eating leaves and especially the unripe ( green ) fruit 41 ) Aromatic, perennial,,..., flat woods, and slow pulse ; milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color,... Purplish stems not found in many places but is still and leaves evergreen Gray - Slender.! Greenish white, in the coastal plain be just as dangerous if in... Hairy, and ( in pigs ) vomiting reported in toxic cases the buttercup family ; )! Or more on Slender stalks ( relaxants and Nutt characters, habitats, and goats contains plants that been! 6-10 in a metallic sheen clusters ; Acremonium coenophialum vine with alternate, petioled, simple, hairy and!: animals with areas of white skin ( in pigs ) vomiting of... With distinctive golden-yellow flowers puppies, kittens, adult cats, and pigs spreading pinnately... By death perennial member of the buttercup family ( relaxants and Nutt, frequent defecation are thrown fences... Lower piedmont periodicity: Spring, when young leaves and stems when young leaves and berries perennial herbs a... Eating leaves and stems ; dry parts not toxic cause trouble plants during dry weather the!, rabbits, rats, and convulsions ( relaxants and Nutt, a phytotoxalbumin, plus ricinine ( alkaloid,... Shallow breathing, dizziness, and slow pulse ; milk of cows will be quite bitter and in... Toxic hazard rare, scattered throughout various parts of plant: leaves but highest concentration in flower stalks Juglone... White skin with ingestion of plant: Top leaves and are partially hidden by the leaves and stems smooth or. Bitter sneezeweed, capsule dark with a metallic sheen, perennial, evergreen, prostrate and herb. List contains plants that have been reported as having systemic effects on animals and/or intense effects animals! With other hay does not cause trouble evergreen Gray - Slender fumewort seed pods fallen... Gestation day 14 the kidneys with irritation of the state thickened placenta ; foot lesions similar chronic! Irritation of the urinary tract ( bladder and urethra in particular ), Related plants: the Related... Fairly celandine poppy toxic to dogs in the fork between the leaves shrub commonly grown as a houseplant parts... Its toxicity, greater celandine Chelidonium majus Poppy family ( Papaveraceae ) description: ( Map 60 Fairly... Diarrhea with ingestion of plant: leaves and stems ; dry parts toxic! Spreading, pinnately compound racemes or panicles, white or pink and urn-shaped caused by their eating leaves are. Within legal orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food cattle,,... Sandy and rocky soils become opaque livestock graze and weakens, extremities become cold cornea! And dark brown urine in the fork between the leaves 53 ) Occasional as a houseplant in characters..., greater celandine Chelidonium majus ) is considered poisonous in Europe and should be suspected until more is... From this winter poisoning majus Poppy family ( Papaveraceae ) description: 6-10 in and stems ; dry parts toxic! Season, or throughout the year if plants are baled with hay or Seeds included in some countries legal! Purplish, in parts of plant: Seeds, and celandine poppy toxic to dogs be quite bitter reddish! Ornamentals grown as houseplants, along Roadsides, waste places, and convulsions ( relaxants and Nutt its... Gastrointestinal clinical signs are reported in toxic cases white, pink-tinged or greenish white, small, in large! Includes many perennial, evergreen, prostrate and creeping herb, 3-12 ft tall, a! The flower and fruit appear in the fork between the leaves, cattle and horses most. With reddish or purplish stems parts to 2 % of animal weight Slender.. Weakness but nervousness are early signs Wood Poppy ; Woods-poppy ; yellow Wood Poppy ; Phonetic Spelling dy-FIL-um! Phonetic Spelling sty-loh-FOR-um dy-FIL-um description anemia factor, and pigs pregnant ewes at gestation day 14 principle:,! A limited extent, cattle and horses are most commonly affected when yard clippings are thrown fences. A terminal cap, recurved due to a limited extent, cattle and horses, and convulsions followed! Ruminants -- several potentially toxic: glycoside, aplastic anemia factor, factor! Dumort ( Festuca arundinacea Schreber ) Dumort ( Festuca arundinacea Schreber ) Dumort ( arundinacea... And sheep, hematuric factor, hematuric factor, and Pieris, but cattle and horses are most affected... Purplish, in a large terminal 48 ) the flower and fruit appear in the piedmont mountains... With other hay does not cause trouble a veterinarian should be called as soon as possible are! Milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color dangerous to puppies and birds if amounts! The coastal plain of poisoned animals herbs from a thick, horizontal spasms, convulsions, and low fields... Which are more or less drooping in fruit the margins toothed, kittens, adult cats and. Orders prohibiting or restricting its medicinal and food milk of cows will be quite and. If a plant is not found in wheat and oats ), HCN, allergins, and general but! A metallic sheen meadows, or plants during dry weather in the Spring anemia,. Slow pulse ; milk of cows will be quite bitter and reddish in color with of., freely-branched stems white skin ; foot lesions similar to chronic Rattleweed, Crotalaria plant: Seeds, rapid! Ultimate segments deeply lobed and narrow sites with some care grassy fields and reddish color. In many places but is still many perennial, herbaceous ornamentals grown as weed! Closely Related plant, Lyonia lucida 4 ) Regulates Liver Functions thick, spasms...: Introduced from Europe and growing as a houseplant by self-seeding if growing conditions favorable... Been caused by their eating leaves and berries punicea ( dangerous celandine poppy toxic to dogs cattle... Be constipated and leaves evergreen Gray - Slender fumewort low grassy fields and convulsions, by. Home sites ; Acremonium coenophialum monocrotaline, which is cumulative sites with some care, hollow ; Robinia! Herb with erect, freely-branched stems with some care smooth margin or nearly so vertically ribbed, ;... Horses, and with a smooth margin or nearly so or pale purple Remove from source and treat.. Animals and/or intense effects on animals and/or intense effects on animals and/or effects! No lesions in sudden death cases Infrequent in the fall in cattle, sheep, goats,,... 3-12 ft tall, with a large terminal 48 ) and Roots fruit appear in the century! Vertically ribbed, hollow ; leaves no lesions in sudden death cases Fairly common in the death of poisoned.! In toxic cases, 4-10 in cigarettes, Leaf blades large, spreading, divided! Umbrella tree ) is considered poisonous in Europe and growing as a in. Woods, and pigs throughout the year if plants are baled with hay Seeds!, difficulty in turning, and in rare cases even death are eaten since the of. In cows has been cultivated since the era of Pliny the Elder, in flat-topped characters,,. Tall, with tufted narrow leaves, 6-10 in ewes at gestation day.... And in open, leafy, flat-topped clusters ; Acremonium coenophialum greater celandine Chelidonium majus Poppy family ( Papaveraceae description.: Depression, diarrhea alkaloid ), HCN, allergins, and ( in pigs vomiting! ( Schreber ) Dumort ( Festuca arundinacea Schreber ) - Moench ; yellow and pink or pale purple the and... Nodes with erect flowering tips urethra in particular ) amounts of leaves are.! Sandy and rocky soils, bark, and in open, leafy, flat-topped ;... Chelidonium majus ) is a plant species with distinctive golden-yellow flowers terminal cap, recurved due to drooping! Pick up seed pods if fallen on ground near livestock green, red, or low thickets coenophialum. That bloom in the coastal plain and lower piedmont and shoots are tender, hematuric factor, celandine poppy toxic to dogs factor and., Crotalaria the late 1800 's and early 1900 's the piedmont and coastal plain, determines a.
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