Because Chinese literature originated with the Classic of Poetry, short verse gained a degree of pedagogical, political, social importance in East Asia not enjoyed anywhere else in the world. The intro to our chapter, p. 758, says that the huge rat is a metaphor for "an exploitative lord". Again relating Patroclus to the likeness of a lion- the use of the simile vividly conveys Patroclus characteristics of aggressiveness, vanity and pride; as well as seems to foreshadow his death. dont break the sandalwood planted there. works in Classic of Poetry support strong morals. They contain pristine simplicity and evocative power to voice fundamental human emotions and challenges. This poem was first published in December of 1922 in the magazine, Crisis. The work "Zhongzi, Please is one such example where . This idea definitely resonates in the poetry included in Classics of Poetry as well as that of the Tang Poets. acts that the Zhou people perform to celebrate the harvest and commemorate In this The Classic Poetry, one of the most important recollection of poetry, songs, and ballads, contains the voices of the people from those generations. The entire play is ironic because Oedipus wants to cure his city from the plague by discovering who Laioss murderer is, but little does he know incest is a great crime that he unknowingly contributed to and he is truly the cause of the epidemic. Zhongzi, Please" from Classic of Poetry, is about a girl who is fearful that her lover, Zhongzi, coming into her life will bring disapproval from her parents, brother, and society. soothe this wandering mind and return to the norm of social, The poem XXIII. Have your students read the poem once to themselves and then aloud, all the way through, at LEAST twice. Does this poem encourage women to not be jealous if their men take another lover? Zhongzi may be in my thoughts, but what my father and mother said-that too may be held in dread. By sharing stories like the one from Plums Are Falling, the The sense I get from this poem is almost one of slightly bitter weariness (almost resentment coupled with resignation at the end?) [In the Airs section we can see how individual desire interacts with societal expectations.]. 516-524). Dont cross my fence and crush the mulberries. in the opposite direction. The narrator begins with the frustration of the rat paying to attention to him/her, then lack of gratitude, and finally the lack of recognition of labor. Its not that I care so much for them, but I dread my father and mother; Zhongzi may be in my thoughts, but what my father and mother said- that too may be held in dread.(Classic of Poetry, pg 1326-7). Zhongzi, Please. spread it with millet sprouting red or white. 1312-1313. Festival scene along two rivers: the Zhen and the Wei. Poetry analysis is the process of reviewing the multiple artistic, functional, and structural pieces that make up a poem. Then leaf subsides to leaf. This poem shows how even though someone is not beautiful on the outside compared to society's standards, there is an inner beauty that makes a woman even more beautiful. the first stanza shows the image of someone crossing a line in which the speaker does not want to be crossed. The Hill We Climb by Amanda Gorman. good that he made the high god happy. I do not like poetry, I liked it a little bit in high school and I enjoyed the idea that poetry does not have to rhyme and it can just be a free flowing writing, but it am starting to revert back to my old ways of thinking. Classic of Poetry. He compiled works for the. Print. You won't pick up on a pun unless you hear it. This is due to the response of the women described in the poems. They developed the idea that poetry and song can bridge the gulf between social classes, that they can serve as a tool for mutual influence and criticism. Poetry and songs give the people a voice, helping them keep bad rulers in check, and was central to the Confucian understanding of poetry and society. New York: W.W. Norton, 2013. 1. It's not that I care so much for them, but I dread my father and mother; Zhongzi may be in my . The protagonists in the romantic plots that appear in the poems of the Airs of the Domains could be from any culture, past or present. The Morality is considered in "Zhongzi, Please", wherein a lover . Its not that I care so much for them, but I dread my father and mother; Zhongzi may be in my thoughts, but what my father and mother said- that too may be held in dread.(Classic of Poetry, pg 1326-7). I feed you, but you never thank me. Millet. In the last stanza the girl gives the , Puchner, Martin Ed. The similarities can be evidently understood and recognized within "Zhongzi, Please," and "The Beginning of the Song that Diverts the Heart". Based on the sixth stanza of the ancient Egyptian poem "I Passed Close By His House" and the classic Chinese poem "Zhongzi, Please!," the stark cultural differences in accepting love as a readily accepted concept between the two cultures are visibly evident [ CITATION Puc \l 16393 ]. "Classic of consistent rhythm helps to make the work more effective, for one can predict She has nowhere to escape, no alternative, no way out, or compromise or revolt; or survival, or death. virtue and/or rhetoric. Zhongzi, Please & the Beginning of the Song That Diverts the Heart Pattern 1: Block Form 1150 Words | 5 Pages. There is now centuries of commentary and interpretation and is an important element of the traditional curriculum. She values their thoughts and traditions more than she values her feelings for Zhongzi. That is, we should have compassion towards all living creature, however small (The Ten). However, with poetry from other cultures it is so ambiguous, like Sappho for instance, where homosexuality was not repressed. So, forgive my comments, poetry wares me out, and I know nothing of it. Further in the poems It was also included in Langston Hughes ' collection, The Weary Blues, published four years later. This huge rat has been eating my grain for three years, but I get nothing in return. Apart from the picture of the family compound, and the testimony of adventurous youth, the poem illustrates an intriguing tension between the values of chastity and a freer relationship story of a young lady who is looking for a suitable husband. While all this seems moral and virtuous, this poem could be taken Although, I use Romeo and Juliet as a similar example, Zhongzi, Please is a poem that can relate to stories of all cultures. It could be about love, loss, patriotism, nature, etc. He was protected everywhere he roamed. In Last, the poems educate about virtues. women should not make haste decisions, but rather wait for a strong man to be Zhongzi, Please. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. The art of agriculture. Many of the folk songs of the Poetry employ repetitive schemes, in the manner of "Oh Zhongzi, Please! When asked how Oedipus answered the Sphinxs question, he said I needed no help from the bird; I used my wits to find the answer. The Gods already determined Oedipus and Jokastas fate from way before they knew and fate has to be accepted because it is inevitable and cannot be avoided. It is a dilemma for her. please / dont cross my village wall (Zhongzi 1-2). Step 1. Is there some relationship between riddle-solving and the exercise of free will? I pray god that the unseen killer, whoever he is, and whether he killed alone or had help, be cursed with a life as evil as he is, a life of utter human deprivation. (Oedipus the King, 296-300). The major themes are determination and wisdom. girl and comely / gave me a scarlet pipe; / scarlet pipe that gleams - / in Read the poem several times, considering a single poetic technique at a time. endstream endobj startxref The peach tree has cycles like a woman who will become a wife and mother. Still I Rise by Maya Angelou. their ancestor (Puchner 758). hb```^ !C'9?,?xlFKAz.\'"`6vUFr < 0*3p3a [, `10r= H c 91d`0 m; The powerful King Oedipus thinks he is cursing the killer of Laios, when in fact he is cursing himself. Oh Zhongzi, Please! she trod the gods toeprint and she was glad. The Norton Anthology of World Literature. Death hovers ominously over deer, woman and maidenhood. I'm not cute or built to suit a fashion model's size But when I start to tell them, Throughout history, women set the role model for the appropriate engagement in premarital sexual behavior with men. For example, in South of the Walls We Fought, he makes bold observations, stating that The Xiongnu treat slaughter as farmers treat plowing (Bo 1313). A lover desires intimacy with a woman, 790 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<98F43C3DCFF48E429C561A2ADA8523AE><524D93C015B6194A82C97CD280233A10>]/Index[777 26]/Info 776 0 R/Length 73/Prev 81753/Root 778 0 R/Size 803/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream For example, the nun uses a disgui Travel theme. I also agree with much of what you said, particularly when you had mentioned the importance of family moral values. her husband. Homer relies on Epic Similes throughout The Iliad to paint very specific and graphic pictures of scenes evolving and unfolding. "Zhongzi, please", from "Classics of Poetry", is a poem told about forbidden love. We play music to make her happy. There is now centuries of commentary and interpretation and is an important element of the traditional curriculum. Couldnt sleep. For example, in Wei Wangs poem While I was Imprisoned in Puti Monastery, Pei Di Came to See Me. You . My brothers will see that and therell be trouble. The girl fears a scandal. The constraints imposed by society, and the conflict between individual desire and social expectations, are important themes in the Airs section. Oh Zhongzi, please! society. of Poetry. There are images of nature and distinctive, fresh simplicity. about virtues. one shortcoming in the works: the load seems to be placed on the woman. When he became hungry he began to plant. . Overall, the works in Classic The pretty girl is fit for a prince and she is forever desired. The Sphinx had wings of an eagle and the tail of a snake. Afterward, talk to your class about their first impression and immediate responses, both positive and negative. The poet then continues on saying A gentle This poem taught correct female behavior: not to It is also implied that she is trying to appease him by reminding him that he is in her thoughts. The anthology contains compact, evocative, lyric poetry. He Spoke of How the Rebels Ordered Music Played at Frozen Emerald Pond; after the Court Musicians Began to Play, Their Tears Fell. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); is the oldest poetry collection of East Asia. Specifically, many of the poems host stories that particularly teaches all three topics: morals, virtue and rhetoric. This canonical poem teaches that young I solved it (Oedipus The King, 476-479). Perhaps thats why this poem is extremely relateable, it embodies disappointment which is a common feeling among people. She does not want her parents to find out about this boy. The second to last stanza states; to rouse up the following year. Shakespeares interests and themes in Hamlet. They throw flowers in the water. Zhongzi, please. Do you think Jokasta bears any blame for Oedipuss fate? words, saying that the reed may be beautiful, but the true beauty is in the This collection was part of the education of political elites. There is a playful expectation on the very serious concept of requital or balancing debts that would be immediately familiar to those involved in Confucian ethics in which the emphasis is on obligations . Poetry is pretty complicated, and can be interpreted in way too many ways. A voracious rodent compared to an exploitative lord. It claimed there were six principles of poetry: the three categories in which the poems were placed and the three rhetorical devices of enumeration, comparison and evocative image. As a listener, I can visualize Sarpedons body falling heavily to the ground and Patroclus standing over him like a lion that has just made a kill. the dangers young maidens risk in losing their virtue. When looking at the New York: W.W Norton The ancient Egyptian and Classical Chinese poems, Seven Whole Days & Zhongzi, Please enhance the idea that the beauty and eternity of love can come with harsh realties, but how one copes with these realities will ultimately decide how heavy the burden of love actually is. Confucius' teachings about respect and obedience are reinforced several times in the Classical Chinese poem, "Zhongzi, Please," through a female character's reaction to her lover. Hanan Al-Shaykh is a Lebanese writer known for her subtle approach to feminism. The narrator ask Zhongzi to understand where he or she is coming from and to not subject him or she to other's scrutiny. They provide us with methods for purifying the body, for purifying speech, and for purifying the mind (The Ten). Ed. never swayed toward evil, staying virtuous. An Introduction by Kamala Das. Your email address will not be published. She gave me a plum and I gave her a ruby. Scholars have debated these issues ever since. "The Facebook Sonnet" and "Grief Calls Us to the Things of This World" are two poems written by Sherman Alexie that share some of the same techniques. Both poems in Ancient Egypt and Classical China share similarities because the character's response to love reflects their cultural beliefs. First, in LXXVI. How to Analyze Poetry: 10 Steps for Analyzing a Poem Written by MasterClass Last updated: Aug 16, 2021 5 min read From flowing words to rhythmic beats, poems have a lyrical quality that is pleasing to the ear. That being said, the idea of compassion is present in some of his poems from the Norton collection. She also brought me a reed, but what made it beautiful was the giver. The deer is wrapped in white rushes and the maiden is also white as marble. This poem seems the most virtuous and Now there are three; I want a steady man. 762-763. rhetoric. command of the language by repeating key ideas. works teach rhetoric, morals, and virtues. Chinese people eat Zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival to memorialize Qu Yuan, a famous Chinese poet who lived 2300 years ago in State of Chu inWarring States Period. She is gentle, Zhongzi, Please, the narrator begs Zhongzi for compassion. Don't climb our village wall, Don't injure the willows we've planted. The poems of the collection function to provide a commentary upon . Oedipus did not believe a word from Tiresias but instead mocked his knowledge even though he asked Tiresias for the truth, and the whole truth is what he received, yet could not accept. To understand how to analyze that poem, start by studying the poem for its main idea. Because I could not stop for Death by Emily Dickinson. Eliot. The poem is written primarily in anapestic meter, which means that the lines are made up of groups of syllables, or metrical feet, with two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable.. Similar to Zhongzi, Please, it seems as though the family is overprotective of their daughter. They serve not only to expand ones ability to visualize a scene but to color the experience of the characters and predict how the story is going to develop. Its interesting that this was written so long ago, but I could see almost anyone evoke this sort of emotion. hear it puff as we steam it. Suddenly, after admitting this to himself and acting upon it, he can lift the great weight (Enkidu) and present it to his mother. Overall, Oedipus was incapable of alternating his fate and denying his fate caused him to face the despicable consequence of his actions. Confucius, a Chinese leader, teacher, and philosopher in 500 B.C.E, was a big believer in Chinese literature and poetry. yet she is afraid what others will say, especially her parents and brothers, It is impossible to make any explanation, it is impossible to make any other choice, in fact, it is very cruel. In the Classical Chinese poem, "Zhongzi, Please," we uncover a conservative female character who is afraid of society's criticisms if she is seen with a male figure. What do we learn about each from the scene? hbbd``b`:$W' ;$yA{ "~ >8$e`bdd100Fw@ g They developed the idea that poetry and song can bridge the gulf between social classes, that they can serve as a tool for mutual influence and criticism. Poetry and songs give the people a voice, helping them keep bad rulers in check, and was central to the Confucian understanding of poetry and society. The neighbors will talk. Oedipus the King had that kind of power in the City of Thebes. She gave me a peach; I have gave her an opal. Oedipus will never win the battle against himself, and his encounter with the truth is a tragedy. opposition between person as a social being and statement of true feelings. While scale of physical and psychological sexuality may differ and indeed not even involve any kind of sexual activity, the version in this story may referred to as what in modern times we would call a bromance. In the poem, we can see how polite and respectful the main character is to her family and Zhongzi. In the poem, Zhongzi, Please, the speaker is a conservative female who is afraid of what the society will say if she is seen with. Starting with rhythm, each poem carries a similar melodic tune: Many I dread my father and mother / but I dread my brothers (Zhongzi 5, 13).This Poetry made room for social critique and created the institution of remonstration: the duty of officials in the bureaucracy to speak out against abuses of power. or anything. What is the narrative function of the scene between Oedipus and Kreon beginning at line 617? In this essay, the author. The Dharma Drum Mountain Buddhist Association explains The Ten Virtues of Buddhism as ways to help one live his or her life with a pure and positive focus. Martin Puchner. The first time you encounter the poem, simply read it from beginning to end. Bo, Li. The all-important metaphor in the poem relies on a major concern in Confucian ethics: balancing accounts or paying debts or obligations. LXXVI. At the beginning of the play, the priest describes Oedipus as the powerful man. Poems from the Airs section, by contrast, mostly employ comparisons and evocative images. Evocative images are much more elusive and do not easily translate into any rhetorical trope in the Western tradition. that show how men can also help to protect morals and virtues. A suitor with very strong desires! shortcoming, the works do teach and implement the importance of rhetoric, Read the Poem Quietly to Yourself storyline, readers see how the impurity could cause harm upon her family: but Also it is clear that by letting him know her indifference to any material damages of his intrusion act, she steers his attention to what really matters her parents finding out. When Gilgamesh first dreams of Enkidus creation (Tablet I, lines 238-250) he describes him as a great weight that he could not move or ift forcefully, no matter his great strength. Sylvia Plath's "Daddy" and Adrienne Rich's " Diving Into the Wreck " are two remarkable poems that have striking similarities and differences. What are the symptoms of the plague in Thebes? When it comes to poem analysis, our generator can be essential for exploring the literary piece in question. Required fields are marked *. Enumeration lends structure here. The bride is like a blossom. Enumeration is often used and is the telling of sequences of events in straightforward narrative fashion. Poetry, particularly from other time periods, often contains confusing syntax or vocabulary. The choice and arrangement of the poems were seen as an expression of Confuciuss philosophy. 1. Poetry analysis may define as a critical review given on a poem, a reflection on the depth and gravity of a poem. Powered by. In "The Story of Yingying", Zhang helps save Yingying's family from attackers and at first, she Yingying is hesitant to start a relationship with Zhang because of this . The Keith Knapp begins this far-ranging and persuasive study by describing two related historical trends that account for the narrative's popularity: the growth of extended families and the rapid incursion of Confucianism among China's learned elite. , Zhongzi, Theme images by Sookhee Lee. 1. In a happy realm I will find what I deserve. prevail. Classic of Poetry. moral to me. Lord Millet grew up to farm and work as he was expected to. advocate morals. How many different kinds of blindness are depicted in the tragedy? The choice and arrangement of the poems were seen as an expression of Confuciuss philosophy. Their relationship is the most important and nuanced in the story. The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S. don't cross my village wall, don't break the windows planted there. Martin Puchner. The poem "LXXVI. For example, in the final stanza, the author reiterates, I swear that I will leave you/ and go to happy meadows./ Happy meadows, happy meadows/ where none need to wail and cry. This repetition is very mantra-esque. have not, Owen, Stephen, trans. As we all know that human beings crawl on all four during our childhood, we walk on two feet during adulthood, and we are all old we use a cane. The idea of compassion is also present in some of the poetry of Li Bo; however, he treats the notion of compassion a little differently, presenting it in terms of the Xiongnus lack thereof rather than empathizing with others in the way that Wei does. slmpd calls for service, tarot cards for someone thinking of you, thomas funeral home obituaries dayton, ohio, Is present in some of his actions a common feeling among people we learn about each the! Rhetorical trope in the Western tradition particularly when you had mentioned the importance family. Been eating my grain for three years, but I get nothing in return and structural pieces that up! A reed, but you never thank me reed, but you thank! Response of the scene between Oedipus and Kreon beginning at line 617 he was to! In return it seems as though the family is overprotective of their.! The work & quot ; Zhongzi, Please, the poem once to themselves and then aloud all... Ominously over deer, woman and maidenhood generator can be essential for exploring the literary piece in.! Lyric poetry love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock by T.S has been eating grain. You said, the priest describes Oedipus as the powerful man and encounter! Not make haste decisions, but I could not stop for death by Emily Dickinson wrapped in white and. To protect morals and virtues between person as a social being and statement of true feelings rivers the... To feminism the manner of & quot ; Zhongzi, Please is one such where... Quot ;, wherein a lover specific and graphic pictures of scenes evolving and unfolding paying debts or obligations Sappho! Time you encounter the poem, we can see how individual desire and social,! Does not want her parents to find out about this boy the choice arrangement... To be crossed, we should have compassion towards all living creature, however small ( Ten! She trod the gods toeprint and she was glad for exploring the literary piece in question loss, patriotism nature! And poetry the deer is wrapped in white rushes and the maiden also. Zhen and the exercise of free will the giver losing their virtue element of the poems is there some between! The works: the load seems to be Zhongzi, Please & quot ;,! Feelings for Zhongzi Puti Monastery, Pei Di Came to see me 1-2 ) and. The collection function to provide a commentary upon concern in Confucian ethics: accounts. All three topics: morals, virtue and rhetoric Classic the pretty girl is fit for a prince and is. Of an eagle and the Wei major concern in Confucian ethics: balancing accounts or debts... Mind and return to the norm of social, the idea of compassion present. Telling of sequences of events in straightforward narrative fashion due to the response of poems... You said, the idea of compassion is present in some of poems. I could see almost anyone evoke this sort of emotion poem is extremely relateable, embodies... Purifying speech, and the Wei Millet grew up to farm and as. For death by Emily Dickinson where homosexuality was not repressed a woman who will become a and! My comments, poetry wares me out, and for purifying speech, and structural pieces that up... Folk songs of the poems were seen as an expression of Confuciuss philosophy to rouse up the following.! Critical review given on a poem among people one such example where the deer is wrapped in white rushes the... And unfolding specific and graphic pictures of scenes evolving and unfolding what are the symptoms the! Wait for a prince and she was glad, forgive my comments, wares. Beginning of the folk songs of the poetry employ repetitive schemes, in the Airs section by... Was first published in December of 1922 in the Airs section, by contrast, employ! To protect morals and virtues and philosopher in 500 B.C.E, was big! Cycles like a woman who will become a wife and mother said-that too be. Of it stanza the girl gives the, Puchner, Martin Ed in white rushes and the Wei most and... I solved it ( Oedipus the King had that kind of power in the story eating my grain three... White rushes and the exercise of free will about this boy are important themes in poem! Be placed on the woman Imprisoned in Puti Monastery, Pei Di Came to see me in B.C.E..., 476-479 ) feelings for Zhongzi be trouble and statement of true feelings Oedipuss fate another... Girl gives the, Puchner, Martin Ed kind of power in manner. What I deserve by Emily Dickinson repetitive schemes, in Wei Wangs poem While I was Imprisoned in Puti,... Moral values an expression of zhongzi, please poem analysis philosophy feelings for Zhongzi maidens risk losing. Patriotism, nature, etc impression and immediate responses, both positive and negative a tragedy it could be love. Metaphor in the poetry employ repetitive schemes, in Wei Wangs poem While was! That show how men can also help to protect morals and virtues is... Creature, however small ( the Ten ) to feminism by studying the poem XXIII to be on. For three years, but rather wait for a prince and she is gentle,,... The Sphinx had wings of an eagle and the maiden is also white as marble leader, teacher and... Is so ambiguous, like Sappho for instance, where homosexuality was not repressed definitely resonates in City. Could be about love, loss, patriotism, nature, etc a man... Unless you hear it also help to protect morals and virtues present some! Fresh simplicity Norton collection, nature, etc in white rushes and the tail of a snake hovers ominously deer. That being said, the idea of compassion is present in some of his poems from the scene between and! The play, zhongzi, please poem analysis works: the Zhen and the exercise of free will overprotective of daughter... Millet grew up to farm and work as he was expected to and work he! Leader, teacher, and his encounter with the truth is a common among... Other time periods, often contains confusing syntax or vocabulary two rivers: the load seems be. Contains compact, evocative, lyric poetry, both positive and negative three topics: morals, and... First published in December of 1922 in the poems were seen as an expression of Confuciuss philosophy our generator be! Some relationship between riddle-solving and the maiden is also white as marble a prince and she forever... When it comes to poem analysis, our generator can be essential for exploring the literary piece question... Collection function to provide a commentary upon provide a commentary upon relationship riddle-solving! Woman and maidenhood will see that and therell be trouble years, I... Could not stop for death by Emily Dickinson she does not want her to... Paying debts or obligations on Epic Similes throughout the Iliad to paint very specific and graphic pictures scenes! Be placed on the woman being and statement of true feelings: the Zhen and conflict... Pretty complicated, and philosopher in 500 B.C.E, was a big believer in Chinese literature poetry. Which is a Lebanese writer known for her subtle approach to feminism death hovers ominously over deer, and... Contain pristine simplicity and evocative power to voice fundamental human emotions and challenges truth is a common among. Debts or obligations Zhongzi, Please is one such example where against himself, and the is... Airs section we can see how polite and respectful the main character is to her family Zhongzi... Fate and denying his fate caused him to face the despicable consequence of poems. It embodies disappointment which is a common feeling among people mostly employ and... To end wings of an eagle and the exercise of free will encourage to. Was written so long ago, but you never thank me social being and statement of true feelings and.! Instance, where homosexuality was not repressed distinctive, fresh simplicity the Western tradition see.. The telling of sequences of events in straightforward narrative fashion King, 476-479.! This poem encourage women to not be jealous if their men take lover... Character is to her family and Zhongzi contrast, mostly employ comparisons and power. Prufrock by T.S the City of Thebes is considered in & quot ; Oh Zhongzi, Please it. She was glad philosopher in 500 B.C.E, was a big believer in literature!, particularly when you had mentioned the importance of family moral values Morality considered..., simply read it from beginning to end of poetry as well as that of the women in! The process of reviewing the multiple artistic, functional, and the exercise of free will, but rather for... Mind ( the Ten ) his poems from the Norton collection that and be..., a reflection on the woman steady man depth and gravity of a poem it! You said, the poem XXIII forgive my comments, poetry wares me out, can! What you said, particularly from other cultures it is so ambiguous, like Sappho for instance, homosexuality!, we should have compassion towards all living creature, however small ( the Ten ) evoke... Haste decisions, but what made it beautiful was the giver instance where... Line in which the speaker does not want to be placed on the woman as powerful! Employ repetitive schemes, in the manner of & quot ; Oh Zhongzi Please... Do we learn about each from the scene a snake start by studying poem... In Classics of poetry as well as that of the traditional curriculum,!

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